Arthritis is one of the most common causes of joint pain and stiffness, affecting millions of people each year. While many people associate arthritis with aging, it can affect individuals of all ages and activity levels. If you are experiencing joint pain, swelling, or reduced mobility, understanding the type of arthritis you may have is the first step toward effective treatment.
Before seeking treatment for arthritis, it is important to understand that arthritis is not a single disease. There are more than 100 different types of arthritis, each with its own causes, symptoms, and treatment approaches. Identifying the specific type of arthritis allows orthopedic specialists to develop a targeted treatment plan that helps relieve pain, preserve joint function, and improve quality of life.
At Central Orthopedic Group, our experienced physicians specialize in arthritis detection, diagnosis, and treatment. With convenient locations in Plainview and Rockville Centre, our team provides personalized care designed to address both symptoms and the underlying cause of joint pain.
What Is Arthritis?
Arthritis is a broad term used to describe inflammation in one or more joints. Joints are where two bones come together, allowing movement and flexibility. When arthritis develops, the protective cartilage within the joint can break down, or the immune system may mistakenly attack the joint lining. Over time, this can lead to pain, stiffness, swelling, and loss of motion.
Some forms of arthritis progress slowly, while others can advance quickly and cause permanent joint damage if left untreated. Early diagnosis and treatment are key to managing symptoms and preventing long-term complications.
Common Types of Arthritis
Although there are over 100 types of arthritis, several forms are far more common than others. Below are the most frequently diagnosed types treated at Central Orthopedic Group.
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of arthritis and is often referred to as “wear-and-tear” arthritis. It develops when the cartilage that cushions the ends of bones gradually deteriorates over time. Without sufficient cartilage, bones begin to rub against each other, causing pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility.
Osteoarthritis commonly affects weight-bearing joints such as the knees, hips, spine, and ankles, as well as the hands and fingers. Risk factors include aging, prior joint injuries, repetitive motion, obesity, and genetics.
Symptoms of osteoarthritis often worsen with activity and improve with rest. While there is no cure, early treatment can significantly slow progression and reduce discomfort.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the lining of the joints. This causes chronic inflammation that can damage cartilage, bone, and surrounding tissues.
Unlike osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis often affects joints symmetrically, meaning both sides of the body are involved. Commonly affected joints include the hands, wrists, knees, and feet. RA can also cause fatigue, fever, and general feelings of illness.
Because rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic condition, early diagnosis and treatment with disease-modifying medications are critical to preventing permanent joint damage.
Psoriatic Arthritis
Psoriatic arthritis is a form of inflammatory arthritis that affects some individuals with psoriasis, a skin condition characterized by red, scaly patches. This type of arthritis can cause joint pain, stiffness, swelling, and inflammation in tendons and ligaments.
Psoriatic arthritis may affect any joint and can also cause changes in the nails, such as pitting or separation from the nail bed. Symptoms often vary in severity and may flare up periodically.
Treatment focuses on controlling inflammation, managing symptoms, and preventing joint damage.
Gout
Gout is a form of inflammatory arthritis caused by a buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints. It often develops suddenly and is known for causing intense pain, redness, and swelling. The big toe is the most commonly affected joint, but gout can also impact the ankles, knees, wrists, and fingers.
Gout attacks can be triggered by certain foods, alcohol, dehydration, or medical conditions that affect uric acid levels. While gout can be extremely painful, it is highly treatable with proper medical management and lifestyle adjustments.
Common Symptoms of Arthritis
Arthritis symptoms vary depending on the type and severity of the condition, but many patients experience similar warning signs. If you notice any of the following symptoms, it may be time to consult an orthopedic specialist:
- Pain in the ankles, back, fingers, hands, or muscles
- Joint stiffness, especially in the morning or after inactivity
- Swelling around one or more joints
- Redness or warmth in the affected area
- Decreased range of motion
- Difficulty performing daily activities
Symptoms may begin gradually or appear suddenly. Ignoring early signs of arthritis can lead to worsening pain and reduced joint function over time.
How Arthritis Is Diagnosed
Accurate diagnosis is essential for effective treatment. At Central Orthopedic Group, our physicians use a combination of medical history, physical examination, imaging studies, and laboratory testing to identify the type of arthritis affecting each patient.
Diagnostic tools may include X-rays, MRI scans, blood tests, or joint fluid analysis. This comprehensive approach allows us to determine whether joint pain is caused by degenerative changes, inflammation, or an underlying autoimmune condition.
Common Arthritis Treatment Options
Arthritis treatment is highly individualized and depends on the type of arthritis, the severity of symptoms, and the patient’s lifestyle and goals. While there is no single cure for arthritis, modern treatment options can significantly reduce pain, slow disease progression, and improve function.
1. Pain and Inflammation Relief
One of the primary goals of arthritis treatment is managing pain and inflammation.
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
NSAIDs such as ibuprofen and naproxen are commonly used to reduce pain and swelling. Prescription options like celecoxib may also be recommended for longer-term management.
Corticosteroids
Corticosteroids, such as prednisone or cortisone injections, provide powerful anti-inflammatory effects. These treatments are often used for short-term symptom relief during flare-ups due to potential side effects with prolonged use.
2. Disease-Modifying Medications
For inflammatory forms of arthritis, particularly rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis, medications that slow disease progression are essential.
DMARDs (Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs)
Medications such as methotrexate, leflunomide, and hydroxychloroquine help reduce inflammation and prevent joint damage.
Biologic Agents and Targeted Therapies
Biologics like Humira® and Enbrel® target specific immune pathways involved in inflammation. These medications are often used when conventional treatments are not effective.
3. Physical Therapy
Physical therapy is one of the most effective and commonly recommended treatments for arthritis pain. At Central Orthopedic Group, our professional physical therapists design customized treatment plans tailored to each patient’s needs and lifestyle.
Physical therapy focuses on improving strength, flexibility, balance, and range of motion. Therapists work with patients to enhance joint stability and restore functional movement while minimizing pain.
Patients also learn proper posture, safe movement techniques, and how to incorporate low-impact exercise into their daily routines. Physical therapists can also provide guidance on the proper use of assistive devices such as canes or walkers when needed.
4. Occupational Therapy
Occupational therapy helps patients reduce joint strain during everyday activities. An occupational therapist focuses on improving how patients perform daily tasks at home, work, and in social settings.
This may include teaching alternative movement techniques, recommending adaptive equipment, or modifying workspaces and living environments. Common adjustments include supportive chairs, splints, cushions, and specialized tools to assist with dressing, bathing, cooking, or driving.
Occupational therapy plays an important role in helping patients maintain independence and protect their joints from further damage.
5. Lifestyle Modifications
Lifestyle changes can have a powerful impact on arthritis management.
- Exercise: Low-impact activities such as swimming, cycling, and yoga help maintain joint flexibility and strength.
- Weight Management: Maintaining a healthy weight reduces stress on weight-bearing joints like the knees and hips.
- Diet: Certain dietary changes may help reduce inflammation and manage conditions such as gout.
Our orthopedic team works closely with patients to identify realistic lifestyle adjustments that support long-term joint health.
6. Injections
Injections can provide targeted pain relief for specific joints.
- Corticosteroid injections reduce inflammation and pain.
- Hyaluronic acid injections help lubricate joints and improve mobility, particularly in the knee.
These treatments can be especially helpful when oral medications are not sufficient.
7. Orthopedic Surgery
When conservative treatments no longer provide relief, surgical options may be considered.
Joint Replacement Surgery
Joint replacement surgery involves removing a damaged joint and replacing it with an artificial one. This procedure can significantly reduce pain, restore mobility, and improve overall quality of life.
Arthroscopic Surgery
Arthroscopic surgery is a minimally invasive procedure in which a small camera and instruments are inserted through tiny incisions. This allows the surgeon to examine cartilage and ligaments and make necessary repairs.
At Central Orthopedic Group, surgery is recommended only when other treatment options have been exhausted and is tailored to each patient’s condition and goals.
When to See an Orthopedic Specialist
If you are experiencing persistent joint pain, stiffness, swelling, or limited mobility, it is important to seek medical evaluation. Early intervention can help prevent joint damage and preserve long-term function.
At Central Orthopedic Group, our team understands how arthritis pain can interfere with your daily life. We are dedicated to providing comprehensive, compassionate care designed to relieve pain and restore movement.
With locations in Plainview and Rockville Centre, our experienced orthopedic specialists are here to help you take the next step toward lasting arthritis relief.
Schedule an Appointment Today
If you are experiencing symptoms of arthritis or joint pain, contact Central Orthopedic Group to schedule an appointment. Our team of professionals is committed to helping you regain comfort, mobility, and confidence through personalized arthritis treatment solutions.